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ERAU wins grant to turn more students into engineers

DAYTONA TIMES — With a new $2 million grant from the National Science Foundation (NSF), Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University (ERAU) researchers plan to help more aspiring engineers bridge the gap between their introductory and capstone courses – a risky crossing where too many students get tripped up and drop out. 

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The Daytona Beach Campus welcomed more than 1,950 incoming freshmen during orientation. (Photo by : Embry-Riddle | David Massey)

By The Dayton Times

The U.S. engineering field, which currently provides some 1.6 million jobs, will add 135,000 more positions by 2026, the American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE) has reported.

Many of those jobs will remain unfilled unless universities can turn more students into engineers, according to a recent study that looked at manufacturing needs versus the workforce.

With a new $2 million grant from the National Science Foundation (NSF), Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University (ERAU) researchers plan to help more aspiring engineers bridge the gap between their introductory and capstone courses – a risky crossing where too many students get tripped up and drop out.

Scrum approach

Dr. Tim Wilson, chair of Electrical, Computer, Software, and Systems Engineering at Embry-Riddle and principal investigator for the NSF project, said the support will help department faculty leverage an agile decision-making method called Scrum.

The approach makes it possible for educators to more rapidly develop effective new curriculum, teaching methods and policies in response to students’ needs, Wilson explained.

What is the Scrum method? In the early days of the U.S. space program, Wilson noted, “All of the engineers would be in the same room, talking to each other every day to find solutions to problems no one had tackled before.”

Better solutions

The Scrum method works in much the same way, he said, by convening individuals who already work well as a team to rapidly iterate better and better solutions.

In contrast, the conventional approach has been to convene committees encompassing representatives from many different departments who establish a lengthy sequence of tasks and a timeline. The Scrum approach allows teams to work smarter and faster.

“This research will put a process in place to help engineering faculty get things done more efficiently so they can spend more time on research and instructional improvements, and still have a life,” Wilson said. “Work quality goes way up when faculty are liberated to be the best educators they can be.”

Project collaborators

Wilson’s collaborators on the new NSF project are Psychology Professor and Chair of the Behavioral & Social Sciences Department Dr. Erin Bowen; Scrum expert and Professor of Computer and Software Engineering Dr. Massood Towhidnejad; and Associate Professor of Engineering Dr. Jay Pembridge, who focuses on evidence-based approaches to improving education.

The project, “Using Scrum to Develop an Agile Department,” will be supported under NSF grant number 1920780.

Lack of diversity

Bolstering student success rates in engineering degree programs is essential, particularly given the need to tap the entire potential talent pool, the ASEE has noted.

Women claimed only about one-fifth of all engineering bachelor’s degrees in 2016, while Black or African-American students made up a mere 4% of the overall cohort.

“The inclusion of persons from groups underrepresented in most disciplines of engineering and computer science has remained a stubborn long-standing issue,” the NSF has pointed out.

Program advantages

As a catalyst for change in education, the Scrum method “can absolutely support the evolution of a more inclusive and diverse environment,” Bowen said, because the framework requires participants to stop periodically and reflect on broad issues.

“Opportunities to self-evaluate include reflecting on what viewpoints and backgrounds need to be represented on the projects, and whether parts of the environment are inhibiting contributions from certain members,” she explained.

Towhidnejad noted that Embry-Riddle has been applying the Scrum method in engineering capstone courses for the past half-dozen years.

For example, he said, students have used the Scrum process to tackle challenges such as a mission involving two drones, one of which must protect the other one, and a system to help students find parking spots.

“Traditionally, students training to become engineers work on projects for an extended amount of time without having anything to show for their hard work,” Towhidnejad noted.

“One of the advantages of the agile Scrum process is that they can see the result of their work at the end of each `sprint.’ They continuously receive positive feedback, and that can be very encouraging.”

Measuring success

How will the Embry-Riddle research team measure success? Bowen said her role as an industrial/organizational psychologist will be to “assess the return on investment of Scrum on performance as well as the attitudes, behaviors and culture of the department.”

That work will involve quantitative data collection, assessment and analysis.

Pembridge will use a case-study method involving interviews, surveys, classroom observations and more. The team will look in particular at “how faculty’s collective sense of agency to innovate and address key needs to enhance the department’s vision increases through the use of Scrum operations.”

The overall goal, he said, is to leverage evidence-based instruction and inclusive teaching approaches to help students achieve their academic goals in engineering.

This article originally appeared in the Daytona Times.

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Recently Approved Budget Plan Favors Wealthy, Slashes Aid to Low-Income Americans

BLACKPRESSUSA NEWSWIRE — The most significant benefits would flow to the highest earners while millions of low-income families face cuts

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By Stacy M. Brown

BlackPressUSA.com Senior National Correspondent

The new budget framework approved by Congress may result in sweeping changes to the federal safety net and tax code. The most significant benefits would flow to the highest earners while millions of low-income families face cuts. A new analysis from Yale University’s Budget Lab shows the proposals in the House’s Fiscal Year 2025 Budget Resolution would lead to a drop in after-tax-and-transfer income for the poorest households while significantly boosting revenue for the wealthiest Americans. Last month, Congress passed its Concurrent Budget Resolution for Fiscal Year 2025 (H. Con. Res. 14), setting revenue and spending targets for the next decade. The resolution outlines $1.5 trillion in gross spending cuts and $4.5 trillion in tax reductions between FY2025 and FY2034, along with $500 billion in unspecified deficit reduction.

Congressional Committees have now been instructed to identify policy changes that align with these goals. Three of the most impactful committees—Agriculture, Energy and Commerce, and Ways and Means—have been tasked with proposing major changes. The Agriculture Committee is charged with finding $230 billion in savings, likely through changes to the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), also known as food stamps. Energy and Commerce must deliver $880 billion in savings, likely through Medicaid reductions. Meanwhile, the Ways and Means Committee must craft tax changes totaling no more than $4.5 trillion in new deficits, most likely through extending provisions of the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. Although the resolution does not specify precise changes, reports suggest lawmakers are eyeing steep cuts to SNAP and Medicaid benefits while seeking to make permanent tax provisions that primarily benefit high-income individuals and corporations.

To examine the potential real-world impact, Yale’s Budget Lab modeled four policy changes that align with the resolution’s goals:

  1. A 30 percent across-the-board cut in SNAP funding.
  2. A 15 percent cut in Medicaid funding.
  3. Permanent extension of the individual and estate tax cuts from the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act.
  4. Permanent extension of business tax provisions including 100% bonus depreciation, expense of R&D, and relaxed limits on interest deductions.

Yale researchers determined that the combined effect of these policies would reduce the after-tax-and-transfer income of the bottom 20 percent of earners by 5 percent in the calendar year 2026. Households in the middle would see a modest 0.6 percent gain. However, the top five percent of earners would experience a 3 percent increase in their after-tax-and-transfer income.

Moreover, the analysis concluded that more than 100 percent of the net fiscal benefit from these changes would go to households in the top 20 percent of the income distribution. This happens because lower-income groups would lose more in government benefits than they would gain from any tax cuts. At the same time, high-income households would enjoy significant tax reductions with little or no loss in benefits.

“These results indicate a shift in resources away from low-income tax units toward those with higher incomes,” the Budget Lab report states. “In particular, making the TCJA provisions permanent for high earners while reducing spending on SNAP and Medicaid leads to a regressive overall effect.” The report notes that policymakers have floated a range of options to reduce SNAP and Medicaid outlays, such as lowering per-beneficiary benefits or tightening eligibility rules. While the Budget Lab did not assess each proposal individually, the modeling assumes legislation consistent with the resolution’s instructions. “The burden of deficit reduction would fall largely on those least able to bear it,” the report concluded.

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A Threat to Pre-emptive Pardons

BLACKPRESSUSA NEWSWIRE — it was a possibility that the preemptive pardons would not happen because of the complicated nature of that never-before-enacted process.

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By April Ryan

President Trump is working to undo the traditional presidential pardon powers by questioning the Biden administration’s pre-emptive pardons issued just days before January 20, 2025. President Trump is seeking retribution against the January 6th House Select Committee. The Trump Justice Department has been tasked to find loopholes to overturn the pardons that could lead to legal battles for the Republican and Democratic nine-member committee. Legal scholars and those closely familiar with the pardon process worked with the Biden administration to ensure the preemptive pardons would stand against any retaliatory knocks from the incoming Trump administration. A source close to the Biden administration’s pardons said, in January 2025, “I think pardons are all valid.  The power is unreviewable by the courts.”

However, today that same source had a different statement on the nuances of the new Trump pardon attack. That attack places questions about Biden’s use of an autopen for the pardons. The Trump argument is that Biden did not know who was pardoned as he did not sign the documents. Instead, the pardons were allegedly signed by an autopen.  The same source close to the pardon issue said this week, “unless he [Trump] can prove Biden didn’t know what was being done in his name. All of this is in uncharted territory. “ Meanwhile, an autopen is used to make automatic or remote signatures. It has been used for decades by public figures and celebrities.

Months before the Biden pardon announcement, those in the Biden White House Counsel’s Office, staff, and the Justice Department were conferring tirelessly around the clock on who to pardon and how. The concern for the preemptive pardons was how to make them irrevocable in an unprecedented process. At one point in the lead-up to the preemptive pardon releases, it was a possibility that the preemptive pardons would not happen because of the complicated nature of that never-before-enacted process. President Trump began the threat of an investigation for the January 6th Select  Committee during the Hill proceedings. Trump has threatened members with investigation or jail.

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Reaction to The Education EO

BLACKPRESSUSA NEWSWIRE — Meanwhile, the new Education EO jeopardizes funding for students seeking a higher education. Duncan states, PellGrants are in jeopardy after servicing “6.5 million people” giving them a chance to go to college.

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By April Ryan

There are plenty of negative reactions to President Donald Trump’s latest Executive Order abolishing the Department of Education. As Democrats call yesterday’s action performative, it would take an act of Congress for the Education Department to close permanently. “This blatantly unconstitutional executive order is just another piece of evidence that Trump has absolutely no respect for the Constitution,” said Rep. Maxine Waters (D-CA) who is the ranking member on the House Financial Services Committee. “By dismantling ED, President Trump is implementing his own philosophy on education, which can be summed up in his own words, ‘I love the poorly educated.’ I am adamantly opposed to this reckless action, said Rep. Bobby Scott who is the most senior Democrat on the House Education and Workforce Committee.

Morgan State University President Dr. David Wilson chimed in saying “I’m deeply concerned about efforts to shift federal oversight in education back to the states, particularly regarding equity, justice, and fairness. History has shown us what happens when states are left unchecked—Black and poor children are too often denied access to the high-quality education they deserve. In 1979 then President Jimmy Carter signed a law creating the Department of Education. Arne Duncan, former Obama Education Secretary, reminds us that both Democratic and Republican presidents have kept education a non-political issue until now. However, Duncan stressed Republican presidents have contributed greatly to moving education forward in this country.

During a CNN interview this week Duncan said during the Civil War President Abraham “Lincoln created the land grant system” for colleges like Tennessee State University. “President Ford brought in IDEA.” And “Nixon signed Pell Grants into law.” In 2001, the No Child Left Behind Act was signed into law by President George W. Bush which increased federal oversight of schools through standardized testing. Meanwhile, the new Education EO jeopardizes funding for students seeking higher education. Duncan states, PellGrants are in jeopardy after servicing “6.5 million people” giving them a chance to go to college. Wilson details, “that 40 percent of all college students rely on Pell Grants and student loans.”

Rep. Alma Adams (D-NC) says this Trump action “impacts students pursuing higher education and threatens 26 million students across the country, taking billions away from their educational futures. Meanwhile, During the president’s speech in the East Room of the White House Thursday, Trump criticized Baltimore City, and its math test scores with critical words. Governor West Moore, who is opposed to the EO action, said about dismantling the Department of Education, “Leadership means lifting people up, not punching them down.”

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