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Mary Lou Williams: Jazz Pioneer and Composer Extraordinaire

Mary Lou Williams was born on May 8, 1910, in Atlanta, and passed away on May 28, 1981, in Durham, N.C. Her influence extended far beyond the fame her extraordinary piano skills brought her. Williams’s innovative compositions, exceptional virtuosity, and unwavering dedication to her craft made her a trailblazer in a male-dominated genre.

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Born Mary Elfrieda Scruggs, Williams displayed remarkable musical talent from a young age. Raised in Pittsburgh, she began playing the piano at three years old and was performing publicly by the age of six.
Born Mary Elfrieda Scruggs, Williams displayed remarkable musical talent from a young age. Raised in Pittsburgh, she began playing the piano at three years old and was performing publicly by the age of six.

By Tamara Shiloh

Mary Lou Williams was born on May 8, 1910, in Atlanta, and passed away on May 28, 1981, in Durham, N.C. Her influence extended far beyond the fame her extraordinary piano skills brought her. Williams’s innovative compositions, exceptional virtuosity, and unwavering dedication to her craft made her a trailblazer in a male-dominated genre.

Born Mary Elfrieda Scruggs, Williams displayed remarkable musical talent from a young age. Raised in Pittsburgh, she began playing the piano at three years old and was performing publicly by the age of six.

During her teenage years, Williams performed at local clubs and theaters in Pittsburgh, often sharing the stage with notable musicians of the era, including saxophonist Lester Young and trumpeter Tommy Thigpen.

In the 1920s, Williams’s jazz career took off as she joined saxophonist John Williams’ band. This marked the beginning of an illustrious journey, during which she gained recognition for her skillful piano playing and her talent for arranging music for big bands. Throughout the 1930s and 1940s, Williams collaborated with jazz legends such as Duke Ellington, Benny Goodman, and Andy Kirk.

As jazz evolved in the 1950s and 1960s, so did Williams. She embraced the bebop movement and explored new musical forms. Her composition “In the Land of Oo-Bla-Dee” is considered an early example of a bebop composition by a female jazz artist.

Williams also played a crucial role in mentoring young jazz musicians. Her Harlem apartment became a hub for emerging talents like Thelonious Monk, Bud Powell, and Charlie Parker. She provided guidance and encouragement, helping these musicians refine their skills and contribute to the development of modern jazz.

Rediscovered in the 1970s after a brief hiatus from the jazz scene, Williams continued to perform and record music. Her later works, including “Zodiac Suite” and “My Mama Pinned a Rose on Me,” showcased her evolving style and creativity.

Williams received numerous awards and honors, including the Kennedy Center Honors in 1980, becoming the second jazz musician to receive that prestigious accolade after Duke Ellington. Additionally, the Mary Lou Williams Foundation, established in her honor, continues to promote jazz education and support emerging musicians.

Williams was a jazz pioneer who broke barriers as a female musician and left a lasting mark on the genre. Her ability to compose, perform and inspire the next generation of jazz talent solidify her legacy as one of the most influential figures in jazz history. Williams will forever be remembered as a trailblazing musical genius who pushed the boundaries of jazz, leaving a lasting impression that continues to influence musicians today.

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Learning Life’s Lessons

Since his release over five years ago, Richard has committed himself to making a difference, particularly by reaching out to women and families who lack the presence of a father or husband.  He knows he cannot undo the years lost behind prison walls, but he is determined to use his past to build a better future for others. His story mirrors that of many who have walked a similar path. Yet, it remains uniquely his own – a testament to the power of change, resilience, and the belief that even from tragedy, something good can emerge.

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Richard Johnson and son Fati. Courtesy photo.
Richard Johnson and son Fati. Courtesy photo.

“California’s three-strike laws gave me 2 life sentences for drug possession. After serving 28 years, mostly in solitary confinement, I am free to lead a movement to get the formerly incarcerated to give back.”

 By Richard Johnson

I have written this book in hopes of being able to help others from not traveling down the path that leads to imprisonment or a cemetery.  At the very beginning of writing this book, it began as a message to my son Fati Yero Gaidi, who was only two years old at the time that I was given two life sentences in prison for drug possession, under the newly implemented three-strikes-you-out law. The more that I wrote, the book began to evolve beyond its intended purpose for my son; it became something that any and everyone could utilize on their separate journeys through life challenges that we encounter. The book helped me put my thoughts, reasoning, perceptions, and views on display, while opening doors that, for the most part, were closed. The book can be purchased via Amazon. Learning life lessons.

About the Author

By Post staff

Richard “Razor” Johnson, 74, is a man whose life journey is marked by hard-earned wisdom, redemption, and an unshakable commitment to guiding the next generation. Once sentenced to life under California’s Three Strikes Law, he was released through what he calls nothing short of divine intervention.  His time behind bars, particularly in Pelican Bay State Prison, gave him a new raw and unfiltered understanding of life’s hardest truths.

With the realization that time is precious and the future is shaped by the lessons we learn, Richard writes with urgency and purpose. His book—a 300-page labor of love—is dedicated to young men who may not have a father to teach them the meaning of life’s most important words. Through definitions filled with wisdom, experience, and deep personal insight, he offers direction to those who find themselves lost, just as he once was.

Since his release over five years ago, Richard has committed himself to making a difference, particularly by reaching out to women and families who lack the presence of a father or husband.  He knows he cannot undo the years lost behind prison walls, but he is determined to use his past to build a better future for others. His story mirrors that of many who have walked a similar path. Yet, it remains uniquely his own – a testament to the power of change, resilience, and the belief that even from tragedy, something good can emerge.

His words are not just lessons; they are a call to action.  He hopes that by investing in young minds with wisdom and insight, they will be better equipped to navigate life’s trials, learn from their mistakes, and find their path to success. Richard “Razor” Johnson writes not just to be heard, but to help – because he knows firsthand that sometimes guidance can make all the difference.

Post publishers Paul and Gay Cobb visited Johnson in San Quentin and attended his graduation while he was in prison. He became a columnist with the Post News Group and has continued his advocacy for the formerly incarcerated by urging them to “give something back”. Johnson says he will be speaking at prisons, colleges, and media outlets to help organize voter registration and community service projects.

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Oakland Post: Week of June 11 – 17, 2025

The printed Weekly Edition of the Oakland Post: Week of June 11 – 17, 2025

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Oakland Post: Week of June 4 – 10, 2025

The printed Weekly Edition of the Oakland Post: Week of June 4-10, 2025

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